Updates & Insights

Grinding of Cobalt Chrome Hip Implant Femoral Heads for Surface Finish

Implant Roughness Governs Wear in Service The femoral head of a hip implant articulates against a polymer or ceramic cup, and the roughness of its

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Tool Path Compensation for Cutting Force Induced Deflection in Five-Axis Milling

The Tool Bends Away From the Surface The cutting force acts on a tool that is a slender cantilever, so the edge deflects away from

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Trochoidal Milling of TC4 Titanium Alloy and Its Effect on Tool Wear

Full Radial Engagement Overloads the Tool Conventional slotting of titanium alloy uses the full radial width of the cutter, so every tooth engages over the

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Deep Eutectic Solvent Electropolishing of Hastelloy X Planar Surfaces

Conventional Acid Baths Are Difficult to Manage Electropolishing of nickel-based superalloys is normally performed in concentrated acidic mixtures that generate fumes, require careful waste treatment

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Machine Learning Surrogates for Real-Time Interfacial Pressure Prediction in Polishing

Pressure Distribution Determines Removal The pressure distribution between the workpiece and the polishing pad is the primary determinant of the removal profile, and a multi-zone

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Composite Diamond and Boron Carbide Abrasives for Silicon Carbide Wafer Lapping

Two Requirements Pull in Opposite Directions Double-sided lapping of silicon carbide wafers must remove the damage layer left by wire sawing quickly, which favours coarse

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Multi-Step Overlap Paths for Suppressing Mid-Spatial Frequency Error in Bonnet Polishing

Convolution Between Passes Creates Periodic Error Bonnet polishing removes material efficiently and corrects figure error strongly, but the process passes repeatedly over the surface along

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Triangle-Axis Fast Tool Servo Diamond Sculpturing and Corner Overshoot Suppression

Surface Quality Varies Across a Structure When a fast tool servo produces a microlens array, different regions of the structure are formed by different portions

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Deformation Temperature, Microstructure and the Roughness of Diamond Turned Aluminium Mirrors

Anisotropy Dominates the Turned Surface Aluminium mirrors produced from coarse-grained stock show strong anisotropoy in their response to diamond turning, because each grain presents a

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Subsurface Crack Propagation in Vertical Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting of Sapphire

Vibration Improves Finish but Not Predictably Applying ultrasonic vibration to the cutting tool improves the surface finish of sapphire, but the amplitude and frequency needed

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Modelling and Optimising Total Thickness Variation in Wafer Backside Grinding

Thickness Variation Decides Whether Stacking Works Backside grinding reduces a wafer from its full thickness to the tens of micrometres required by three-dimensional integration, and

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Catalytic Oxidation Mechanisms in Abrasive-Free Ruthenium CMP

Ruthenium Resists Chemical Attack Ruthenium is a candidate replacement for copper and for barrier layers because of its low resistivity and high melting point, but

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